cryosol . Soil formed in either mineral or organic materials having permafrost either within 1 m below the surface or, if the soil is strongly cryoturbated, within 2 m below the surface, and having a mean annual ground temperature below 0° C. Cryosols are divided into turbic cryosols developed on mineral soils and strongly cryoturbated; static cryosols developed on mineral soils but with little or no cryoturbation; and organic cryosols developed on organic (peat) materials (Canada Soil Survey Committee, 1978).