Appendix A: Results from the 2014 Summit and 2014–2015 Survey

Future of Undergraduate Geoscience Education Summit; January 2014

Participants

About 200 educators representing a broad spectrum of the undergraduate geoscience education community:

  • R1, R2, and R3 research universities with undergraduate programs, doctoral/professional universities, terminal master’s programs, 4‐year private and state colleges and 2‐year community colleges

  • Faculty, heads & chairs, education researchers

  • Industry & professional society representatives

  • Working in small groups with collective presentations

Outcomes

  • Collective agreement on most points

  • Online survey developed to assess larger community views and status of community efforts.

  • Many questions were designed for academics and non‐academics did not see those pertaining only to departments.

Demographics of the 2014–2015 Survey

  • 463 respondents

    • 68 were participants in the Summit (15%)

    • 357 Academics (77%)

    • 79 Industry (17%; 47 energy/oil/gas, 21 mining/minerals exploration, 11 environmental/hydrogeology/engineering)

    • 14 Government (3%)

    • 7 Other (1.5%)

    • 5 Professional Society Representatives (1%)

    • 315 Male (68%)

    • 148 Female (32%)

  • Ethnicity

    • 91% White/Caucasian

    • 2% Hispanic

    • 1% Asian

    • 1% American Indian/Alaska Native

    • 5% Other

    • 0% Black/African American and Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander

    • In all reported results, all non‐academics are listed as employers.

Academic Demographics
  • Department Faculty size

    • 19% under 5

    • 31% 5–12

    • 21% 12–20

    • 12% 20–30

    • 17% over 30

  • Institution type

    • 16% 2-year community colleges

    • 12% 4-year private

    • 30% 4-year state

    • 34% public research universities

    • 7% private research universities

    • 1% Hispanic-Serving Institution

  • Position

    • 10% nontenure track/adjunct

    • 11% assistant professor

    • 23% associate professor

    • 40% professor

    • 11% department chair/head

    • 4% dean or upper administration

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Total number of survey and summit participants by sector

Education Emphasis

For Undergraduate Geoscience Education
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Survey Question: What are the most important issues from your perspective in terms of undergraduate education?
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Survey Question: A major outcome of the summit was an agreement that developing competencies, skills, and conceptual understanding were more important than making sure specific courses were taught at an undergraduate level. Do you agree with this approach?
Importance of Teaching Key Geoscience Concepts
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Survey Question: What are the key geoscience concepts that need to be addressed in undergraduate geoscience education?
Concept Importance Breakdowns by Respondent Employment Category
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Survey Category: Earth as complex and dynamic system with linkages between the different systems (e.g., lithosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, etc.)
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Survey Category: Deep time (including the origin and evolution of life)
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Survey Category: Earth materials
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Survey Category: Earth structure
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Survey Category: Surface processes (including relationship between landscape and process)
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Survey Category: Natural resources (including energy)
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Survey Category: Natural hazards
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Survey Category: Climate change
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Survey Category: Hydrogeology (including water, rock, and microbe interactions)

Critical Undergraduate Skills and Competencies

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Survey Question: What are the skills and competencies critical in undergraduate geoscience education?
Skills Importance Breakdowns by Respondent Employment Category
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Survey Category: Work with uncertainty, non-uniqueness, incompleteness, ambiguity and indirect observations
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Survey Category: Readily solve problems, especially those requiring spatial and temporal (i.e. 3D and 4D) interpretations
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Survey Category: Make inferences about Earth system from observations of natural world combined with experimentation and modeling
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Survey Category: Integrate data from different disciplines and apply systems thinking
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Survey Category: Have strong field skills and a working knowledge of GIS
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Survey Category: Have strong computational skills and the ability to manage and analyze large datasets
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Survey Category: Have strong quantitative skills and ability to apply
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Survey Category: Critical thinking/problem solving skills
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Survey Category: Ability to access and integrate information from different sources and to continue to learn
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Survey Category: Communicate effectively to scientists & non-scientists
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Survey Category: Work in interdisciplinary teams and across cultures
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Survey Category: Be technologically versatile (i.e. Google Earth, tablets, smartphones, apps)
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Survey Category: Understand and use scientific research methods

Assessment of Departmental Views

Is your department interested in making changes to your undergraduate curriculum to focus on competencies, skills, and conceptual understanding?

Yes: 231 No: 79

Is the development of your institution’s undergraduate curriculum, in terms of competencies, skills, or conceptual understanding, regulated at any institutional, local, or state levels?

Yes: 113 No: 210

Does your institution track Student Learning Outcomes or other metrics of student success with in your department?

Yes: 181 No: 141

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Survey Question: How likely is it that your department will make a systematic effort to improve competencies, skills, and conceptual understanding in developing your undergraduate curriculum in the next few years?
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Survey Question: How likely is it that your department will make a systematic effort to improve competencies, skills, and conceptual understanding in developing your undergraduate curriculum in the next few years?

Opportunities and Activities Available to Undergraduates

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Survey Questions: Do your undergraduates have the opportunity for the following activities?
Breakdowns of Activity Availability by Institution Type
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Survey Category: Undergraduate opportunities at 4-year public institutions
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Survey Category: Undergraduate opportunities at 4-year private institutions
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Survey Category: Undergraduate opportuntities at R1 public institutions
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Survey Category: Undergraduate opportunities at R1 private institutions
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Survey Category: Undergraduate opportunities at 2-year colleges
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Survey Category: Undergraduate opportunities at Hispanic-serving institutions

Teaching Methods Used by Faculty

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Survey Question: From what you know about your department, which of the below teaching methods are used by faculty in your department?
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Survey Question: From what you know about your department, which of the below teaching methods are used by faculty in your department?
Breakdowns of Teaching Methods by Institution Type

Notation: 2YC is 2-Year College; 4YC is 4-Year College; RU is Research University

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Survey Category: Inquiry-based labs
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Survey Category: Frequent use of small group discussion, whole class discussion or in-class exercises
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Survey Category: Students engaged in collaborative learning in class (e.g., Think-Pair-Share; team exercises/discussions)
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Survey Category: Learning through practice with feedback - teaching with using real data & research
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Survey Catgory: Blended learning (classroom lectures/activities combined with partial online delivery of content and instruction)
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Survey Category: Explore before learning
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Survey Category: Opportunities for reflection and refinement (e.g., Retrieval practice, Minute papers, Concept tests, etc.)
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Survey Category: Entire classes designed around collaborative team-based projects
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Survey Category: Flipped classroom
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Survey Category: MOOCs

Technology Used in Teaching

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Survey Question: From what you know about your department, how do your colleagues (or you) use technology in teaching in the field?
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Survey Question: From what you know about your department, how do your colleagues (or you) use technology in teaching?

Use of Validated Teaching Strategies

Is your department interested in making changes to how teaching is done at the undergraduate level?

Yes: 238 No: 64

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Survey Question: How likely is it that your department will make systematic efforts to encourage faculty to incorporate research-validated teaching strategies?
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How extensive are efforts to introduce pedagogical reforms in your department?
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Survey Category: Lack of time and support necessary for developing and piloting new instructional approaches

Obstacles/Barriers Identified by Summit to Implementing Research‑Validated Pedagogies and Uses of Technology

Breakdowns of Impacts by Academic Rank
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Survey Category: Financial resources
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Survey Category: Annual performance and tenure and promotion evaluations
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Survey Category: Lack of information on what techniques are research-validated
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Survey Category: Concern about student evaluations
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Survey Category: Instructional space design and teaching infrastructure

Professional Development and K–12 Teacher Training

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Survey Question: Does your department use or offer any of the following?
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Survey Question: Is Earth Science (geoscience) taught as a course or in the curriculum in K-12 in your local school districts?

Does your department/company/organization sponsor, partner with or have any professional development programs for in‐service K–12 teachers?

Yes: 156 No: 272

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Survey Question: Which of the following does your department do to help with preparation of K-12 teachers?
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Survey Question: Which of the following does your department do to ease the transition between 2-year and 4-year colleges?

Efforts Toward Student Diversity and Broad Participation

Does your department/company/organization have or plan on any systematic efforts to encourage broadening participation and retention of a more diverse student population?

Yes: 181 No: 239

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Survey Question: Does your department/company/organization have or plan on any systematic efforts to encourage broadening participation and retention of a more diverse student population?

Does your department/company/organization track the participation and retention of minorities in your population?

Yes: 237 No: 182