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Paper Number: 192
Paleoproterozoic
evolution of the Guiana Shield in Suriname: A revised model
Kroonenberg,
S.B.,1, de Roever, E.W.F.2, Fraga,
L.M.3, Reis, N.J.4, Faraco, M.T.5,
Lafon, J.-M.6, Cordani, U.G.7, Wong, Th.
E.8
Delft University of
Technology, the Netherlands s.b.kroonenberg@tudelft.nl
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands ederoever@ziggo.nl
Geological Survey of Brazil - CPRM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil leda.fraga@cprm.gov.br
Geological Survey of Brazil - CPRM, Manaus, Brazil nelson.reis@cprm.gov.br
Geological Survey of Brazil - CPRM, Belém, Brazil telma.faraco@cprm.gov.br
Universidade Federal de Pará, Belém, Brazil lafonjm@ufpa.br
Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil ucordani@usp.br
Universiteit van Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname. theoewong@yahoo.co.uk
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The Proterozoic basement of Suriname consists of a greenstone-TTG
belt in the NE of the country, two high-grade belts in the NW and SW
respectively, and a large granitoid - felsic volcanic terrain in the
central part of the country, punctuated by numerous gabbroic intrusions.
The basement is overlain by the subhorizontal Proterozoic Roraima
sandstone formation and transected by two Proterozoic and one Jurassic
dolerite dyke swarms. Late Proterozoic mylonitization affected large
parts of the basement. The ages of the rocks portrayed on the geological
map of 1977 and in the last review in 1983 were based essentially on
Rb-Sr isochrons. Since then almost 50 new U-Pb and Pb-Pb zircon ages and
geochemical data have been obtained in Suriname, and many new data are
also available from the neighbouring countries. This has led to a
considerable revision of the geological evolution of the basement.
The main orogenic event is the Trans-Amazonian Orogeny, resulting
from southwards subduction and later collision between the Guiana Shield
and the West-African Craton. The first phase between 2.18-2.09 Ga shows
ocean floor magmatism, volcanic arc development , sedimentation,
metamorphism, anatexis and plutonism in the Marowijne Greenstone Belt
and the adjacent older granites and gneisses . The second phase
encompasses the evolution of the Bakhuis Granulite Belt and Coeroeni
Gneiss Belt through rift-type basin formation, volcanism, sedimentation
and, between 2.07-2.05 Ga, high-grade metamorphism. The third phase
between 1.99-1.95 Ga is characterised by renewed high-grade metamorphism
in the Bakhuis and Coeroeni belts at higher pressures than in Phase II,
and ignimbritic volcanism and extensive and varied intrusive magmatism
in the western half of the country. An alternative scenario implying
orogeny triggered from the south is also discussed. The Grenvillian
collision between Laurentia and Amazonia around 1.2-1.0 Ga caused
widespread mylonitization and mica age resetting in the basement.