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Paper Number: 35
Geohazards
risk assessment for disaster management of Mount Merapi and surrounding
area, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia.
Ayu Narwastu
Ciptahening1 & Noppadol Phienwej2
1
Universitas Pembangunan Nasional (UPN) “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Indonesia,
E-mail ayunarwastu@yahoo.com
2 Asian
Institute of Technology, Thailand
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It is well-known that there exists a very active volcano situated in
Central Java and Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia, called Mount
Merapi. It is classified into one of the most active volcanoes, even on
the world. It mostly erupts in every 4 years. Deposits produced by its
activity in Sleman Regency Yogyakarta Special Region of where the study
located, can be divided into four rock units, namely Ancient Merapi,
Middle Merapi, Recent Merapi, and Modern Merapi.
In the 10th to 11th century Mount Merapi had
been responsible to the decline of Hindu Mataram Kingdom, Central Java,
by its eruptions. It was verified by the discovery of many ancient
temples in Yogyakarta and surrounding areas, such as Temple Sambisari,
Temple Kadisoka, and Temple Kedulan which were buried by volcanic
deposits of Mount Merapi [1]. The eruption of Mount Merapi, in the year
2010 was recognized as the biggest eruption during recent decades and
claimed about 300 lives and very large treasures, after the eruption.
The type of eruption was changed from Merapi type in the activity period
of 2006 and before to become the combination of Vulcanian type and
Pelean type [2]. Due to the activities of the volcano that is very
intensive, it can be underlined that the threats of geohazard faced by
people living in the surrounding area of Yogyakarta is about the impact
of volcanic eruptions [3].
In the study area, kinds of geohazard threats are lava flow,
pyroclastic flow, ash fall, and lahar. There are four districts that
able to be reached by pyroclastic flow, including Turi, Pakem,
Cangkringan, and Ngemplak districts. All of districts in the study area
are threatened by ash fall, such as Turi, Pakem, Cangkringan, Tempel,
Sleman, Ngaglik, Ngemplak, Minggir, Sayegan, Mlati, Gamping, Godean,
Depok, and Kalasan districts. While areas which threatened by lahar are
Turi, Pakem, Cangkringan, Tempel, Ngaglik, Ngemplak, and Kalasan
districts. By applying scoring method on geohazard vulnerability, the
study area can be classified into three vulnerability classification,
those are very high vulnerability, high vulnerability, and moderate
vulnerability.
References:
[1] Kusumayudha S B (2013) Merapi a Beautiful Bounty: PT Citra Aji
Parama: 53 – 70
[2] Kusumayudha S B (2013) Active Volcanoes of Indonesia: PT Citra
Aji Parama: 29 – 31
[3] Paripurno ET (2012) CBDRM for Community Preparedness Around
Disaster-Prone Areas
of Merapi Volcano, Central Java - Case Study: Proc of International
Seminar
for Cooperation of Disaster Prevention, Seul, Korea
